Terrorism an International Crisis - 3783 Words

Terrorism is a word that tends to strike fear into the hearts of many. According to the Encarta World English Dictionary, terrorism is defined as, political violence: violence or the threat of violence, especially bombing, kidnapping, and assassination, carried out for political purposes (Terrorism, 2006). Its also a word used by leaders of states and NGOs to create polar opposite outcomes. It can either incite people to rise up against those who would try to create fear or it is used to coerce people into volunteering themselves into the service of those who wish to create terror in the hearts of others. There are several issues dealing with terrorism that people dont necessarily see. The first issue is that their many other†¦show more content†¦Terrorism affects many different countries around the world. Terrorists not only attempt to change the way of life of just Americans, they try to either force their beliefs on others through terror or they simply seek to eliminate any competition. Almost every inhabited part of the world has had problems with terrorist and has had to come up with techniques to battle its own countrys brand of terrorism. Each country has its own problems dealing with these groups and their struggle is often hampered with existing law. Countries around the world are working toward changing these laws in order to ease the process of preventing terrorism and prosecuting those who have or plan to commit these criminal acts. For example, the United Nations (UN) has created the Council of the Counterterrorism Committee to try to monitor other UN count ries compliance in following the obligations set forth by the committee in order to try to curb terrorist activity. Another major breakthrough the UN has accomplished in recent years is the International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism in 2005 (Zmeyevsky, 2005, pp. 81-82). It is with these new laws and agreements that countries around the world continue their battle against terrorists and terrorist organizations. In Israel, the Israelis have had to contend with attacks from the Palestinians sinceShow MoreRelatedEssay on Internal Affairs and Canadas Previous Position on Terrorism575 Words   |  3 PagesPrevious Position on Terrorism A terrorist Tunnel: Issues concerning Canadas borders and the present threat of International terrorism Preface From the FLQ (Front de Liberation du Quebec) crisis to the recent acts of terrorism by Singh Rayet and the Tiger group, terrorism has found a place in Canadian society. Because of this, in the last 50 years, Canada has developed several reactionary policies, and control/Prevention mechanisms to deal with terrorism, including TrudeausRead MoreUnderstanding The War On Terror1522 Words   |  7 Pageshave been harmed from the terrorism for a long time. It is impossible for victims who are effected by the terrorism to live safely. Cruel terrorist group even attack female and children. The incidence of terrorism is increasing in the world. It is big problem in the world because countries worry about their citizen from the terrorism. The United States and other countries stuck to continue the war on terror. The war on terrorism has fought for a long time. The terrorism has had long history. SinceRead MoreDomestic Terrorism And The Security Of The Us1040 Words   |  5 PagesToday, domestic terrorism is one of the major threats to the national security of the US. Since 9/11, the US intelligence services and law enforcement agencies viewed international t errorism as the major threat to the public security of the US but the threat of domestic terrorism has been underestimated. At any rate, American law enforcement agencies conduct active campaigns to prevent international terrorism but domestic terrorism become a serious threat to the national security of the US. In suchRead MoreThe Syria Refugee Crisis Affecting My Country, Lebanon955 Words   |  4 Pagesto make sound voice to the global community concerning the Syria refugee crisis affecting my country, Lebanon. Mr. President, The responsibility to protect and to uphold the rights of the refugee population does not only lie with Lebanon. The international presence and support in the country and to the actual refugee issue should increase dramatically. It should become part of a global political agenda and the international political structure development to design meaningfully supply resolutionsRead MoreThe Impact Of Terrorism On International Business1268 Words   |  6 PagesOur paper explores the interesting phenomena of terrorism on international business. Grounded in the grave reality of terrorism and the international business literature, our research conceptualizes this compelling topic into a practical model worthy of future research. Unfortunately, the current data does not provide statistical evidence to support the unique firm level predictions from the conceptual model. However, our exploratory research leads us to believe that the lack of sensitivity in ourRead MoreThe World Shook With Terror 1593 Words   |  7 Pagesmembers and took nine hostage, during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, Germany. Prior to the hostage crisis, the games had run smoothly and were into their second week of competition. The games were used to present a new identity of democracy and optimism for Germany. This was the first-time Germany had been allowed to host the games since the 1936 Berlin Olympics, which still loomed in international sporting arena and raised the tensions of the games. Therefore, Germany hoped to erase the memoriesRead MoreTerrorism : A Modern Terrorist Organization850 Words   |  4 PagesTerrorism is a tactic that has been used for centuries, it is one of the most important and dangerous problems facing mankind today. Terrorism is the calculated use of violence, or the threat of violence, to intimidate, frighten, or coerce. In addition, the history of terrorism is as old as humans willingness to use violence exist. The earliest known organization that exhibited a spects of a modern terrorist organization was the Zealots of Judea. Zealots of Judea were known to the Romans asRead MoreRelevance Of Sovereignty And The Threat Of Terrorism Essay1482 Words   |  6 Pagesexpanding necessity of humanitarian intervention along with eliminating the threat of terrorism. Sovereignty, as defined in the Westphalian sense, is only useful today in international politics to the extent that states still require justification for their interventions, heavily varying from the idea of state supremacy within its borders. Globalization alongside intricate international affairs, such as terrorism and humanitarian intervention, largely influence current sovereignty norms. ConventionalRead MoreEssay on Columbia1712 Words   |  7 Pagesworld in illicit coca production (CIA). Colombia provides the United States with a grand total of 90% of its cocaine. Seventy percent of all heroin sold in America comes from Colombia (U.S. to Debate). Colombia also ships more cocaine to other international drug markets than any other nation (CIA). The Central Intelligence Agency also calls Colombia an â€Å"important supplier of heroin to the US market† (CIA). Colombia’s inability to stop shipping illicit narcotics to the United States provides the UnitedRead MoreSecurity and Domestic Terrorism Essay1081 Words   |  5 PagesEDM 501 – Domestic Terrorism -Module 3 – Case: Security and Domestic Anti-Terrorism (Part 1) May 2012 What are the limits of power of the FBI in pursuing surveillance of potential terrorists within and without the U.S.? In your view, is the FBI adequately organized, staffed, and trained to perform the myriad of missions tasked? Based on the readings and your research, what is the status of the USA Patriot Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2011 and resultant action on the key divisive

The Problem Of Knowledge An Internal State Or An...

Knowledge can exists as either an internal state or an external reality. It is classified as information, skill and facts which are acquired through various experiences and allow us to have a theoretical understanding of something, however, it can also be an awareness gained by an experience. Producing knowledge implies to come up with new undiscovered knowledge, which can either be personal or shared knowledge. Problems are a situation or matter regarded as unwelcome or harmful and needing to be dealt with and overcome. Problems can be defined as short term or long term, universality or specific, naturally occurring or human created, therefore solutions could also either by immediate or long term. The apparent solution might possibly even†¦show more content†¦This method, which is now known as inoculation, was observed by doctors in England, around the 18th century and was therefore adopted in England and France as new knowledge to prevent the spread of the disease to some of the population was discovered. While these methods were found to cause some serious and often life-threatening smallpox infection, in 1796, an English doctor, named Edward Jenner established a much safer approach to immunising people against smallpox. He inoculated healthy people with fluid containing the cowpox virus which was a much less dangerous disease and he found that by doing so, they were more likely to be protected against the infection. He also found that this immunity could be passed from one person to another genetically. This process is what we know call vaccinations, where a killed microbe is injected into the body to stimulate the immune system. This example demonstrates how we can use science and observations of the world to produce knowledge in order to solve problems. A counterclaim for looking at a structured scientific method to produce knowledge is to look at how ‘accidental’ discoveries produce knowledge through luck and chance which solves problems that it was not intended for. An example of how knowledge can be produced through serendipity is the invention of the post-it notes. Dr Spencer Silver was working at 3M, attempting to develop a super strongShow MoreRelatedThe Key Internal And External Factors That Affect The Performance Of A Company1684 Words   |  7 Pagesunderstanding of the key internal and external factors that are affecting the performance of a company towards innovation are essential to identify the weaknesses or algid points that the organisation must consider and potentiate to be more competitive and innovative. The current report aims to propose a plan to support entrepreneurship in the organisation considering the management, operations, and marketing areas. The current study presents an approach to the external forces that are affectingRead MoreLanguage And Accounting Share Similarities1338 Words   |  6 Pageslanguage and the reality that it describes is alive and evolving continuously. In order for entities to function it is essential to have an effective method of communication among the managers, shareholders and Investors. Accounting is considered to be the language for businesses as it communicates financial information to those internal and external users. According to Stolowy and Lebas (2006, p. 5) Accounting is a special language for business that is able to describe a state or a result, describeRead MoreWhat Does It Mean? An Effective Leader Or Manager?1260 Words   |  6 PagesVice-President of Operations for Health and Financial Services, where I was asked to prioritize a series of seventeen emails, voicemails, and memos. When I initially began this assignment, I thought to myself, â€Å"How difficult can this be?† Yet in reality, the task proved to be extremely difficult. Individually, each item in the Chris Perillo in-basket holds significant importance, falling somewhere within the Competing Values Framework. Though there is no definitive â₠¬Å"right† or â€Å"wrong† answer, whereRead MorePerception and Individual Decision-Making1619 Words   |  7 PagesPerception is a process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment. However, what we perceive can be substantially different from objective reality. People’s behaviour is based on their perception of what reality is, not reality itself. Factors that influence it Attribution theory The attribution theory is an attempt to determine whether an individual’s behaviour is internallyRead MoreA Study On The Berkeley Hotel1677 Words   |  7 Pagesand framework, such as relationship management, and internal/external communication in hospitality, knowledge transfer and trust service provider will be scrutinised to detect potential points of deficiency that the industry is facing today. Literature Review It is acknowledged in the hospitality literature that in order to succeed companies have to establish seamless internal and external relationships. (Lolli, 2013). Facing the reality, there are many elements which could help hotels toRead MoreSources Of Law And European Convention On Human Rights Essay1160 Words   |  5 Pagesfact that sources of law in Wales and England are similar, there are 4 sources of law, which are: Statute Law, Common Law, European Law and European Convention on Human Rights. First of all, Statute law is a written law passed by a legislature on the state of federal level. An example of it would be  «Theft Act 1968 ». It is the first and primary source of law and it is created by proposing a Bill in Parliament. After three readings of the bill in House of Commons and House of Lords and afterwards in RoyalRead MoreManagement1653 Words   |  7 PagesIn the past, knowledge is the most important factor to assist organization in getting success. With the deve lopment of information technology, human beings enter the Information-Explosion Era. Besides, organizations meet much more new challenges. Information instead of knowledge, getting more and more important in modern market. The key to survival and building of future dominance is getting much more information than competitors. Managers from its literal meaning are the persons who manage othersRead More Epistemological Development Essay example1363 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Bible, but no truth exists outside the metaphysical framework of the Bible.† (2006, p. 226). The concepts of the Bible are used to give a unifying foundation for all subjects taught. The Bible also becomes the integration point. All content knowledge is contextually interpreted with the Bible because God is the source of all truth and the one who unifies all truth in Himself. The Bible can be compared to leaven that permeates all subjects. This gives all subjects significance and all subjectsRead MoreInte rnal and External Factor of the United States Army1706 Words   |  7 PagesThe United States Army is a complex organization made up of several commands and managed by different command levels. The U.S. Army is an organization different from that of a business in many unique ways. Specific examples of these differences include: financial reporting, disciplinary review procedures, and tactical operations. Although different in many ways, the Army shares many similar characteristics of a normal profit business. Army personnel are managed by supervisors arranged in a commandRead MoreNursing Theorists1685 Words   |  7 PagesNursing Theorists 1. Florence Nightingale - Environment theory 2. Hildegard Peplau - Interpersonal theory 3. Virginia Henderson - Need Theory 4. Fay Abdella - Twenty One Nursing Problems 5. Ida Jean Orlando - Nursing Process theory 6. Dorothy Johnson - System model 7. Martha Rogers -Unitary Human beings 8. Dorothea Orem - Self-care theory 9. Imogene King - Goal Attainment theory 10. Betty Neuman - System model 11. Sister Calista Roy - Adaptation

John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Speech Grammatical Analysis free essay sample

â€Å"Since this country was founded, each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its natural loyalty.† This sentence is an example of subject-verb-object. Kennedy starts by beginning the sentence with an introductory phrase to introduce a reminder of the past; he gets straight to the point. He uses a comma after the introductory to further explain his most important thoughts about the country. â€Å"Now the trumpet summons us not as a call to bear arms, though arms we need not as a call to battle, though embattled we are – but a call to bear the burden of a long twilight struggle†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This sentence uses subject-verb-object. The sentence is also a compound sentence because the two sentences before and after the em dashes can stand alone. The subject of the first sentence is trumpets and the predicate is a summons. The subject of the second sentence is called and the predicate is to bear, which is an infinitive. We will write a custom essay sample on John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Speech Grammatical Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The dashes give further detail or information on the first independent sentence.â€Å"Can we forge against these enemies a grand and global alliance, North and South, East and West, that can assume a more fruitful life for all mankind?† This sentence tells or lets the audience know that Kennedy wants to unify the countries. He uses a rhetoric question to ask the audience for understanding his purpose. Kennedy tells who he wants to have alliances with before he finishes his questions. The sentence is a subject-verb-object because even though it is a question, the subject comes after the verb, which has an object to modify it. Kennedy uses a question to persuade his readers of the purpose of his speech.â€Å"I do not shrink from this responsibility – I welcome it.† This sentence would be a subject-verb-object. This could also be a compound sentence because it has two complete phrases before and after the em dash. Kennedy shows his audience that from the beginning of unifying his country, he will not back down from it. The dash helps the reader understand that he steps up to the challenge.â€Å"†¦ask not what your country can do for you – ask what you can do for your country.† Kennedy wants to form a union between the citizens of the U.S and other countries. He just wants the people of the U.S to do right for our country. The sentence he uses tells the reader exactly what he wants to happen and he wants the citizens to help.â€Å"I do not believe that any of us would exchange places with any other people or any other generations.† This sentence is an example of a subject-verb. This is just a simple sentence; it doesn’t have two or more independent phrases so it is not a compound sentence. Kennedy is saying that no one would want to be in anyone else’s shoes or whatever position they are in.

Psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud Works Examination

Introduction The field of psychology is perhaps one of the most important fields which have enhanced civilization. The society heavily depends on the psychologists especially on the issue of social order which arguably is one of the most important aspects in the society. Over time psychologists have developed theories which have been found to have great applicability in the society.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Psychoanalysis: Sigmund Freud Works Examination specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In this article, the works of Sigmund Freud on the origin and development of psychoanalysis will be examined. Sigmund Freud has made great contribution to the world of psychology and this article will make an attempt to show that significance. The article will also cite a number of authors who feel that Sigmund has made significant contribution as well as those who feel that the contribution is not that much significant. An overview of the work of Sigmund is given with the important concepts being brought out. I chose to examine the article by Sigmund Freud because I admire the views that Freud presented. I find most of reasoning to be quite practical in life. Overview Sigmund Freud’s views on psychology have been considered as â€Å"indispensable starting point for any serious student of psychoanalysis or psychotherapy† (Holt and Freud 4). It has further been claimed that â€Å"Freud has much to teach the contemporary reader and that the latter’s task is unnecessarily difficult† (Holt and Freud 4). Freud has been referred to as the founder of psychoanalytic theory (Cherry 1) though others have viewed his views to be quite irrelevant (Holt and Freud 4). Personally going through the article I find the theories proposed by Freud and the illustrations given to be quite relevant. Freud came up with his theory of personality through his numerous observations that he made on his patients. From these observations, he divided the mind into two: the conscious and the unconscious mind (Thurschwell 5). I must say that I identify with the reasoning of Freud on the two divisions of the mind: The conscious mind includes everything that we are aware of. This is the aspect of our mental processing that we can think and talk about rationally. A part of this includes our memory, which is not always part of consciousness but can be retrieved easily at any time and brought into our awareness. Freud called this ordinary memory the preconscious. (Cherry 1) The second division, the unconscious mind, is very significant as most of the ideas that Freud developed were based on the unconscious mind:Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The unconscious mind is a reservoir of feelings, thoughts, urges, and memories that outside of our conscious awareness. Most of the contents of the un conscious are unacceptable or unpleasant, such as feelings of pain, anxiety, or conflict. According to Freud, the unconscious continues to influence our behavior and experience, even though we are unaware of these underlying influences. (Cherry 1) Freud in his determination to find a cure for seemingly abnormal behavior among adults made attempts to dig deep into the root of the cause of such problems. In his observations he found out that when people display some behaviors which are not considered normal it is usually due to some occurrence in their past life, to put it in his own words, â€Å"hysterical patients suffer from symptoms which are the remnants of traumatic experiences† (Freud 1). I find this very practical in real life, is not what Freud was trying to explain an issue of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder? No one can deny that after a person is exposed to traumatizing experience he/she is likely to have develop some funny or rather abnormal behaviors. Freud made obs ervations that hysterical patients are treated by being exposed to the conditions which had caused the traumatizing event: Freud drew up this conclusion after making several observations on hysterical patients. As a matter of fact exposure of a PTSD patient to the causal agent is one of the treatment means used in modern day clinical counseling. I therefore feel that Freud was quite accurate in his observation though his work has not been generally acknowledged. Freud’s way of treating patients follows the path of exposing the patient to the causal effect. One way he did this was by talking to the patient when not in the normal state. Freud acknowledged the fact that the patients tend to deny the state of condition by pushing the bad memories to the unconscious mind or rather by suppressing them such that one needs to assure them that they can remember the thoughts for them to remember the thoughts. Suppressing bad memories is an activity that takes place in anybody’s mind or rather at least to me it does happen. One author who has greatly admired the work of Sigmund Freud is Catherine Reef. Reef has argued that the findings of Freud have had great influence upon the modern society as their applicability is widely relevant: â€Å"Freudian psychology has changed the way people do things, from creating literature and art to bringing up their children† (Reef 5).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Psychoanalysis: Sigmund Freud Works Examination specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The ideas of psychoanalysis especially the way that Freud attaches everything to sexuality has not obtained a common accepted among many scholars especially the modern day ones. Some of the ideas which have strongly been brought under criticism are: Other studies indicate that Freud was wrong in thinking that girls do not value being girls and are not aware for a long time that Freud was wrong in thinki ng that girls do not value being girls and are not aware for a long time of their sexual organs; that girls want babies only as substitutes for a penis; that children begin to understand themselves as boys or girls only after observing genital difference; that the male superego is stronger than the female’s and that it derives primarily from fear of castration. (Winer and Anderson 72) Winer and Anderson however have pointed out that it is Freud who proposed that children are often more observant than it is often thought, â€Å"children observe more than we think they do† (72). Arguing from the view of Kant, it can be said that some of the ideas that Freud put across are both of priori and posteriori knowledge. For instance, the fact that a person will tend to resist a traumatic memory can be said to be of prior in nature but other issues such as girls hating who they are may need to be proved thus being posterior in nature. Conclusion Sigmund Freud laid a foundation fo r psychoanalysis. Though some of his conclusions have been severely criticized, it has generally been agreed that his work forms a very basic foundation in the field of psychoanalysis. Freud gave significant insight into the nature of the mind making a significant contribution to the society even at the current time in various fields including literature and art. Sigmund Freud was a great psychologist. Works Cited Cherry, Kendra. The conscious and Unconscious mind. Psychology, 2011. Web. Holt, Robert and Freud Sigmund. Freud reappraised: a fresh look at psychoanalytic theory. New York: Guilford Press, 1989. Print.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Reef, Catherine. Sigmund Freud: pioneer of the mind. New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2001. Print. Thurschwell, Pamela. Sigmund Freud. New York: Taylor Francis, 2008. Print. Winer, Jerome and Anderson, James. Sigmund Freud and his impact on the modern world. New York: Routledge, 2001. Print. This essay on Psychoanalysis: Sigmund Freud Works Examination was written and submitted by user Phoebe A. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Rumsfeld Differences essays

Powell/Rumsfeld Differences essays The rift in ideology and policy ideals between Secretary of State Colon Powell and Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld had been catching the medias attention lately. In this paper, we will look at what these differenced are, what may be the cause of them, and with whom the President is siding with to formulate policy. It seems as of now, that the policy ideals of Secretary Rumsfeld are winning out over those of Secretary Powell partly because of the rekindled hard-line attitude of the American public following the events of September 11th. First, a brief background of the events on which this division of policy is based will be given in this paper, followed by Secretary Rumsfelds ideals and arguments, then those of Secretary Powell. We will then look at the policy decisions President Bush has made on this topic, and how the international community could perceive said policy. Let us look at the situation in Cuba and the decisions facing President Bush. Right now there are approximately three hundred detainees being held by United States forces at Camp X-Ray in Guantanamo Bay Naval Station, Cuba. Now, one might ask why these prisoners are being classified as detainees and not as prisoners of war. The United States is engaged in a self-proclaimed War on Terrorism, now being fought in Afghanistan. The foes being fought there are the forces of the Taliban regime and the Al Qaida terror network. Are these persons not combatants, are they not prisoners of a war? According to Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld and his camp; no, they are not. Yet according to Secretary of State Colon Powell; yes, they are. The camp referred to as Donald Rumsfelds includes Vice President Dick Cheney and Deputy Secretary of Defense Paul Wolfowitz. They share the common view that the prisoners detained in Cuba, and in Afghanistan, are not Prisoners of War. According to the Geneva Convention, a pri...

Twig Anatomy for Tree Identification

Twig Anatomy for Tree Identification To use a tree twig key means learning a twigs botanical parts. A key can help you identify a tree to the specific species by asking two question where you can affirm one and eliminate the other. This is called a dichotomous key. Here  is one of the best online twig keys. Terms You Must Know Opposite or Alternate Twigs: Most tree twig keys start with the arrangement of leaf, limb, and buds. It is the primary first separation of the most common tree species. You can eliminate major blocks of trees just by observing its leaf and twig arrangement. Alternate leaf attachments have one unique leaf at each leaf node and typically alternate direction along the stem. Opposite leaf attachments pair leaves at each node. Whorled leaf attachment is where three or more leaves attach at each point or node on the stem. The opposites are maple, ash, dogwood, paulownia buckeye and boxelder (which is really a maple). The alternates are oak, hickory, yellow poplar, birch, beech, elm, cherry, sweetgum, and sycamore. The Terminal Bud: There is a bud on the tip of every twig where growth occurs. It is often larger than the lateral buds and some can be absent. Trees easily identified by their terminal buds are yellow poplar (mitten or duckbilled shaped), dogwood (clove-shaped flower bud) and oak (clustered bud ends). The Lateral Buds: These are buds on each side of the branch. The trees easily identified by a lateral bud is beech (long, pointed scaled bud) and elm (buds off center over leaf scar). The Leaf Scar: This is a scar of leaf attachment. When the leaf drops, a scar is left just under the bud and it can be unique. The trees easily identified by its leaf scars are hickory (3-lobed), ash (shield-shaped)and dogwood (leaf scar encircles the twig). The Lenticel: There are cork-filled pores on most trees that permit the living inner bark to breathe. I use the narrow, long and light lenticels to partly identify just one species that can be tricky - black cherry. The Bundle Scar: You can see scars within the leaf scar that are a big help in identification. These visible dots or lines are cork filled ends of tubes that supply the leaf with water. The trees easily identified by its bundle or vein scars are ash (continuous bundle scars), maple (three bundle scars), and oaks (numerous scattered bundle scars) The Stipule Scar: This is the scar of a leaf-like attachment just off the leaf stem. Since all trees do not have stipules the presence or absence of stipule scars is often helpful in identifying a winter twig. The trees easily identified by its stipule scar is magnolia and yellow poplar. The Pith: The pith is the soft inner core of the twig. The trees easily identified by its pith are black walnut and butternut (both with chambered pith) and hickory (tan, 5-sided pith). One bit of caution when using the above markers. You need to observe an average-looking and maturing tree and stay away from root sprouts, seedlings, suckers and juvenile growth. Rapidly growing young growth can (but not always) have atypical markers that will confuse the beginning identifier.

Article analysis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analysis - Article Example While Coca Cola is the main product of the company, it produces a range of products that include but are not limited to Appletiser, Beat Soda, Cherry Vanilla, Coca Cola with Lemon, Diet Coke, Raspberry Coke, New Coke, Sprite, and Sarsi. The second of the 4 P’s i.e. the price of Coca Cola is only $2 per bottle that contains 2 liters of the drink that essentially means a dollar a liter. However, the 2-liter bottle is available on sale in certain places for only $.99. Coca Cola can be purchased from a variety of places ranging from petty tuck shops to large utility stores and gas stations, place being the third P of marketing. The fourth P i.e. promotion is the most important factor which Coca Cola uses to gain competitive advantage in the market. Coca Cola is promoted in exciting ways. For instance, if a consumer manages to show a winning cap to a shopkeeper from one of the bottles the consumer has drunk before, he/she is entitled to a new free bottle. Coca Cola also promotes it s product by getting the consumers free in the theme parks during the super bowl. The main product of Coca Cola is the soft-drink that is available in almost all countries around the globe at a very reasonable and affordable price. Coca Cola adopts creative and innovative strategies to promote its products as will be discussed shortly. The product is equally popular among people of all ages except for infants. The competitive advantage of Coca Cola is its innovation and corporate social responsibility. Coca Cola is undeniably the most popular and respectable brand that has gained global recognition since its inception in 1866. The unique marketing strategies of Coca Cola since the time of establishment of this company has left its competitors surprised. There has been a continuous modification in the brand positioning of Coca Cola and its packaging over the decades. Coca Cola has always aligned itself closely with innovation and consumer sophistication. Coca Cola always associates i tself with events of global significance specially sports that are watched all over the world in such creative ways as making songs. Factors commonly used in Coke branding include the feeling of happiness and unity that reflect in the songs and advertisements the company makes. The main themes of events that Coca Cola focuses on and associates with include but are not limited to the connection of people by family, sports, and culture etc. Coca Cola has its huge fan-following on social media websites like Facebook and Twitter where they watch Coke videos and comment. The senior vice president of Coke, Wendy Clark said, â€Å"having all those fans respond to Coke is meaningful because fans are twice as likely to consume and 10 times more likely to purchase than non-fans† (Siddiqui). Coca Cola also takes care of environment which is yet another way to brighten its image in the public eye. In fact, corporate social responsibility is what provides Coca Cola with competitive advant age. This can be assessed from the recent pledge made by Coca Cola to recycle the plastic bottles taken from the Olympics 2012 in London to produce 80 million new bottles of Coke within only a month and a half of the ceremony’s end. This plan is hoped to accommodate about one-fifth of the total waste generated during the Olympics games. In addition to this, Coca Cola has introduced a Coke can that is white in

Vermont Teddy Bear Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Vermont Teddy Bear - Case Study Example According to the report findings there are also orders which are placed by women. They whether buy present for their loved ones, relatives of children. Speaking of value, we should note that the prices of Vermont Teddy Bear are not only competitive, but they are also reasonable as the company provides a great deal of customization. Of course, the customers might find lower prices, but they may not find the same level of commitment and special care for their gifts. The financial model of the company is a rather simple one. It capitalizes the nostalgia of the people over simple gifts and offers something that is traditional and easily understandable. Indeed, teddy bears, pajamas and flowers do not contain any electronics and are suitable for the majority of the holidays. Speaking of the latter, there are three peak seasons in the year with roughly a month apart. However, sales are not very successful during the rest of the year due to a general shortage of demand.From this study it is clear that  the employees call it the rush and indeed the number of orders that are placed is tremendous. That is why there is no wonder that the system cannot process all and shuts down. There is even an internal moniker that is given to men who place their order at the very last moment: â€Å"Late Jack†. The biggest challenge that occurs during the peak experiences is the loss of orders and, consequently, bad reputation among the customers.

Digitizing Accounts Payable Documents Essay Example for Free

Digitizing Accounts Payable Documents Essay When accounting files are sent to the archives at the end of the year, the portion taken up by the accounts payable documents usually exceeds that of all other documents combined. For some companies with high accounts payable files, it is a major expense to remove all the paperwork, box it up and identify it, and ship it off to a warehouse, from which it must be recalled occasionally for various tasks. Digitizing the documents is a means of avoiding the expense of archiving. Digitizing a document means that it is laid on a scanner that converts the document image into an electronic image stored in the computer database, which can be recalled by anyone with access to the database. To digitize a document, there should be a high-speed scanner available that is linked to a computer network. Documents are fed into the scanner and assigned one or more index numbers or codes, so that it will be easy to recall the correct documents from storage. For example, a document can be indexed by its purchase order number, date, or supplier number. A combination of several indexes is the best approach, since one can still recall a document, even if one does not remember the first index number. The document images are usually stored on an optical disk since it can hold enormous amounts of storage space (and digitized documents take up a lot of computer storage space). There will probably be many optical disks to provide a sufficient amount of storage, so the disks are usually stored in a â€Å"jukebox,† which gives the user access to all the data on all the storage disks. Users can then call up the images from any terminal that is linked to the network where the information is stored. There are additional advantages to using digitization of documents. Besides the reduced archiving costs, it is also possible to nearly eliminate the time needed to access documents. With a traditional archiving system, older documents must be requested from a warehousing facility that may require several days to deliver. Even in-house documents may require several minutes to an hour to locate. If customer service is important, and that service is linked to providing rapid access to data, then digitizing documents allows a company to instantly satisfy customer requests for documents by searching the computer fi les for them, no matter how old the documents may be. Another advantage to using digitization is that it avoids having to take out and replace files. Whenever someone removes a file and later returns it, there is a risk that the fi le will be misplaced. Every time a file is misplaced, it will be time-consuming to find it again. By accessing documents through a computer network, there is no need to take out or replace the document—it is always sitting in the same storage location in the computer, and cannot be lost. Yet another advantage is that multiple users can access the same file at the same time. Since it is a digital image, there is no reason why the computer cannot potentially distribute a copy of the digital document to everyone who asks for it, even if they all do so at the same time. Reference link: http://classof1. com/homework-help/accounting-homework-help

The Effect one’s Gender and Personality has on their Ability to Identif

Discussion This investigation aimed to explore gender differences and personality differences in the ability to identify the emotion and gender of a face. The expected results were that the response times produced by females for facial emotion and gender identification would be faster than the response times produced my males. It was also expected that participants categorised as extroverts via the Necker cube would produce faster response times when identifying the emotion and gender of a face. Although the results from this experiment were not significant, they did resemble what was expected. Concerning the first hypothesis, overall females obtained faster response times than males when identifying the emotion of a face, which also supports the findings of Hoffman (2010). A possible explanation for why this difference occurred could be due to the different developmental changes in brain functioning that occurs in males and females, thus different neuronal systems may be used when processing f acial aspects (Everhaurt et al, 2001). That is; when an emotional face is viewed different neural structures are activated in males and females, resulting in different mediation of attention to the facial cues (McClure, 2004). The results from the current study therefore suggests that females may utilise systems that are more sensitive and more efficient at picking up cues where stimulus information is limited, than males (Hall & Matsmoto, 2004). Results obtained by males in the emotion identification task emphasises previously found results by Mantagne (2005) that males are less accurate at judging emotion in a face, especially sadness. On the other hand, Rahmen et al (2004) stated that although women were faster at identifying emotion, th... ...nder and/or personality can affect their ability to identify the gender or emotion of a face. The results obtained suggest that females and extroverts are able to identify facial aspects such as gender and emotion quicker than males and introverts. This may be because neurological and environmental factors influence their ability to efficiently access appropriate strategies to extract cues during processing of a face. The study produced findings that are consistent with previous research however to produce more confident conclusions for this investigation further experimentation with more sensitive measures are required. Future studies could explore physiological changes and neural mechanisms that occur during facial identification in order to provide a deeper insight into differences between categorical groups during facial emotion and gender processing.

Mental Health in Texas Prisons and Jails

Fall 2012 Mental Health in Texas prisons and jails October 13, 2012 University of Southern California A. Introduction: Issue, Policy, Problem: Texas has approximately 24. 3 million residents according to 2010 state statistics from the National Alliance on Mental Illness. Close to 833,000 adults live with a serious mental illness. Within these 24. 3 million residents of Texas in 2008, approximately 37,700 adults with a mental illness were incarcerated (NAMI. org).Additionally, there is an estimated 31% of female and 14% of male jail inmates nationally live with serious mental illness. We see this because there are inadequate public mental health services to meet the needs of those suffering. Texas public mental health system provides services to only 21% of adults who live with a mental illness (NAMI. org). The objective of the 18th Edition Texas Laws for Mental Health are to provide a comprehensive range of services for persons with mental illness or mental retardation that need publ icly supported care, treatment, or habilitation.In providing those services, efforts will be made to coordinate services and programs with services and programs provided by other governmental entities to minimize duplication and to share with other governmental entities in financing those services and programs (TDSHS. us). Regardless of the objective by the Texas Laws, prisoners are not, however, a powerful public constituency, and legislative and executive branch officials typically ignore their rights absent litigation or the threat of litigation (UNHCR. org).With this being said, there is great failure within this objective. Many, even thousands of prisoners become incarcerated without receiving the major mental health services they require. Gazing within, many prison mental health services are woefully deficient, crippled by understanding, insufficient facilities, and limited programs. State budget cuts handed down during the recent legislative session left the Texas Department of Criminal Justice with a dangerously-low $6. 1 billion biennial budget, approximately $97 million less than last year’s funding levels.As a result, the mental health care system suffered layoffs along with the rest of the prison health care services. In addition, although treatment and medications were left untouched, fewer medical workers are now left to treat mentally-ill inmates. Staffing cuts in turn increased the inmate-to-staff ratio from 58 to one upward to 65 inmates for every mental health care worker (Nix, 2011). The growing number of mentally ill persons who are incarcerated in the United States is an unintended consequence of two public policies adopted over the last thirty years.The elected officials have failed to provide adequate funding, support, and direction for the community mental health systems that were supposed to replace the mental health hospitals shut down as part of the â€Å"deinstitutionalization† effort that began in the 1960’s (U NHCR,org). Following the deinstitutionalization process came the â€Å"war on drugs† campaign. This was to have embraced a punitive, anti-crime effort. What we saw was a considerable proportion of the prisons and jails population sore, more than quadrupling in the last thirty years. B.History and Scope of Issue: Eighty-three years after the first American institution exclusively for the insane was opened in Williamsburg, Virginia, the first Texas facility for the mentally ill was established by the Sixth Legislature. Legislation signed by Governor Elisha M. Pease on August 28, 1856, called for the establishment of a state lunatic asylum (Creson). Fifty thousand dollars was appropriated for land and buildings. The State Lunatic Asylum (now Austin State Hospital) did not open until 1861, when Superintendent Dr. Beriah Graham admitted twelve patients.Before 1861, individuals with a mental illness or mental retardation were kept at home, sent out of state for treatment or custodi al care, or confined in almshouses or jails. Dr. David Wallace was the first physician in the state to limit his practice to psychiatry. During his tenure as superintendent of the two institutions, Wallace successfully resisted political patronage in the asylums, advocated removal of the â€Å"harmless mentally retarded† from them, did away with restraint, introduced occupational and recreation activities as treatment modalities, and utilized furloughing as a prominent part of institutional procedure.Dr. David Wallace was a true advocate for the mentally ill, and fought for their right to be treated respectfully. Overcrowding became a major problem during the 1940s. Public pressure to reduce the lengthy waiting lists for admission to state hospitals and to remove mentally ill individuals from local jails increased occupancy in already overcrowded hospitals. In 1943, the legislature converted the Confederate Home for Men into a hospital for mentally ill male geriatric patients in order to provide beds in the larger hospitals.In 100 years, the state system for caring for the mentally ill grew to nine state hospitals scattered about the state. Their population had, however, begun to decline as a result of new treatment techniques and changing social ideas about the role of state psychiatric hospitals in caring for afflicted individuals (Creson). Over the years, as the population continued to grow, so did crime, drug use, and violence. Research indicates that 72% of both male and female jail detainees with severe mental disorders also meet criteria for substance use disorders of alcohol or drug abuse (Abram & Teplin, 1991).Within this negative growth, the punishment for the crimes also tightened. Soon we began to see an increase in arrest, and more offenders incarcerated. However, some of the increase was because those suffering with mental illnesses were the individuals committing the crimes. Subsequently, the mental institutions were closing, due to t he changing social views of the way those suffering were treated, left those suffering with nowhere to go. As time moved forward, we can see a striking corresponding movement with the legislative funding for mental health care; it is spiraling downhill.Hence, the beginning of overcrowding in Texas prisons and jails. Sadly, those suffering from mental illness will not receive quality, fair treatment during incarceration. Providing mental health services to incarcerated offenders is frustrated by lack of resources (UNHCR. org). Reflecting back to the early 1800’s, there is a mind blowing resemblance to what we see today; lack of treatment for those with mental illnesses. C. Perspectives and Analysis of Policy:In Texas, legislators, mental health professionals, and advocates have recognized the need to reduce the prevalence of serious mental illness in jails and prisons by diverting minor offenders to community-based mental health services. In fact, House Bill 2292, passed in 20 04, calls for the development of jail diversion strategies along with the implementation of Resiliency and Disease Management (RDM) by the Department of State Health Services (DSHS) for the treatment of severe mental illness (TDSHS).Steps should be taken at the federal, state, and local level to reduce the unnecessary and counterproductive incarceration of non- offenders with mental illness. Mandatory minimum sentencing laws should be revised to endure prison is reserved for the most serious of offenders. Reducing the number of mentally ill offenders sent to prison will also free up prison resources to ensure appropriate mental health treatment for those men and women with mental illness who must, in fact, be incarcerated for reasons of public safety (UNHCR).On any given day, between 2. 3 and 3. 9 percent of incarcerated offenders in State prisons are estimated to have schizophrenia or other psychotic disorder, between 13. 1 and 18. 6 percent major depression, and between 2. 1 and 4 . 3 percent bipolar disorder (manic episode). In 1999, NAMI (formerly known as the National Alliance for the Mentally Ill) reported that the number of Americans with serious mental illnesses in prison was three times greater than the number hospitalized with such illnesses (UNHCR).In the fiscal 1990 year, the average state hospital census was 3,475, and the number of clients served in community mental health-mental retardation centers was 125,277. The Harris County Psychiatric Center, a 240-bed hospital established in October 1986, jointly funded by the state and Harris County and under the direction of the University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston, served an additional 195 individuals. After federal block grants given to states in 1980 provided more state control in distributing federal funds, Texas (like other states) placed a high priority on severely and chronically ill patients in community programs.This re-allocation of resources resulted in an exacerbation of conflict s caused by different local and state agendas, legislative concerns for cost effectiveness and advocacy groups' agendas for expanded services, as well as professional territorial battles and an expanded definition of what constitutes mental illness. Lawsuits have further complicated the matter of organizing, implementing, and administering the state system while compelling needed reforms. Significant in this regard in Texas was RAJ v.Jones, filed in 1971. Major issues in the case included individualized treatment, patient rights, use of psychotropic medications, and adequate community aftercare services. Morales v. Turman, filed in 1971, resulted in increased quality and availability of mental-health services for juvenile offenders held by the Texas Youth Council. Ruiz v. Estelle did much the same for adults in state prisons and provided impetus for a new prison psychiatric hospital currently under construction in Sugar Land (THSA. org).D. Impact of Policy and Analysis: During 2003 New Freedom Commission on Mental Health found that the mental health delivery system is fragmented and in disarray- leading to unnecessary and costly disability, homelessness, school failure and incarceration. In many communities, access to quality care is poor, resulting in wasted resources and lost opportunities for recovery. The likely-hood of failure for community mental health services to meet the needs of those suffering with mental illness is pronounced.The Federal Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration have estimated that 72 percent of mentally ill individuals entering the jail system have a drug-abuse or alcohol problem. Deinstitutionalization resulted in the release of hundred s of thousands of mentally ill offenders to communities who could not care for them. At about the same time, national attitudes toward those who committed street crime-who are overwhelming the country’s poorest -changed remarkably (UNHCR. rg). Prisoners with mental illness f ind it more difficult to adhere to prison rules and to cope with the stresses of confinement, as evidenced by the new BJS statistics that 58 percent of state prisoners with mental problems have been charged with violating prison rules, compared to 43 percent without mental problems. An estimated 24 percent with a mental health problem have been charged with a physical or verbal assault on prison staff, compared to 14 percent of those without.One in five state prisoners with mental health problems has been injured in a fight in prison, compared to one in 10 of those without. Community health services, though good, are, due to lack of funding, inadequate to meet the needs of persons with mental illness. This results in those suffering to â€Å"fall between the cracks†, and into the world of criminal mishap. The lack of funding also affects the ability of law enforcement, courts and correction facilities to divert persons with mental illness away from the criminal justice system and into a more fitting arrangement.Many persons with mental illness, prison can be counter-therapeutic or even â€Å"toxic. † Nevertheless, we recognize the tragic irony that, for many, prison may also offer significant advantages over liberty. For some mentally ill offenders, prison is the first place they have a chance for treatment. For those who are poor and homeless, given the problems they face in accessing mental health services in the community, prison may offer an opportunity for consistent access to medication and mental health services.Realizing this opportunity depends, of course, on whether the prisons provide the necessary services. In 2008, 1,900 out of 11,000 inmates, or 17. 3 percent in the Harris County jail were on psychotropic medication. Spending on mental health care in the prison has risen to $24 million per year, and the combined cost of incarcerating and treating the mentally ill is $87 million annually. A county official noted: the jails have becom e the psychiatric hospitals of the United States.Class action lawsuits have led to improvements in prison mental health care in a number of states, including Alabama, Arizona, California, Florida, Indiana, Iowa, Louisiana, Michigan, New Mexico, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Texas, Vermont, Washington, and Wisconsin. Lawsuits have led to consent decrees and court orders instituting reforms and the court appointment of masters and monitors to oversee compliance. Considering the needs of today's mentally ill prisoners, the progress to date is far from enough. Viewed from the perspective of where prison mental health was two decades ago, the progress has been momentous.Both the state system and the private sector are in a period of major transition. The Texas Department of Mental Health and Mental Retardation was placed by House Bill 7 under the auspices of the Commission on Health and Human Services, a new umbrella agency established by the legislature in July 1991. How this new structur ing of the administration of state mental health care will ultimately affect the delivery of mental health services remains to be seen (TSHA). E. Judgement: There are nine state mental hospitals in Texas with a total of 2,477 beds to reat civil and criminal patients. About a third of the beds are reserved for criminal commitments, and in 2006, the Department of State Health Services started a waiting list for the beds, because the demand exceeded availability. The shortage of state hospital beds is a problem that local law enforcement officials have been grappling with for years as sheriffs cope with overflowing jails, in which many of the inmates are mentally ill. Harris County officials have seen the number of mentally ill inmates explode since 2003, the last time Texas had a budget crisis and made major cuts.Then, there were fewer than three full-time psychiatrists on duty at the jail. Now, there are more than 15. Often they see the same mentally ill inmates repeatedly. State law makers are considering budget proposals that would reduce community-based health care services for adults and children and for community mental hospitals by about $152 million in 2012 and 2013. It is about a 20 percent reduction in financing from the previous two-year budget. For community mental hospitals, financing would fall about 3 percent, but the money would be split among five facilities instead of three (Grissom, 2011).Several problems associated with housing mentally ill persons in jails and prisons rather than hospitals: – The rate of recidivism. Since mentally ill inmates generally receive little care for their illness while in jail or prison, they return to jail or prison at a greater rate than the general prison population. – Mentally ill inmates cost more than other prisoners to house. The average Texas inmate costs the state approximately $22,000 per year. While an inmate with a mental illness costs the state approximately $30,000 to $50,000 per year. Ot her issues the study cites include the fact that mentally ill inmates commit suicide at a greater rate than the general prison population, and mentally ill inmates are easier targets for abuse by other prisoners and prison staff. Texas ranks 49th in the nation in per capita spending on mental health services. Only 25 percent of children and 18 percent of adults with severe mental illness and in need of services from the public mental health system in Harris County are able to receive them. Now, Texas lawmakers are looking to cut funding to the already overburdened public mental health system by $134 million for 2012-13.A prime example of cost shifting has occurred within the Harris County Jail, now the largest mental health facility in Texas. The Harris County Jail treats more individuals with mental health issues on a daily basis than our state’s 10 psychiatric hospitals combined. This is especially worrisome given that the United States Department of Justice reports that it costs 60 percent more to incarcerate inmates with serious mental illnesses than it costs to house typical inmates. It is clear that imprisonment of the mentally ill will not help the situation at hand, only add to the severity of it.Incarceration of the mentally ill can be devastating and costly. While, those suffering from mental illness need help, confinement in federal, state, and local prisons is not the answer. Local leaders and government officials need to advocate for the mentally ill, and push for more funding to insure proper treatment is available to those in need. References Abram, K. M. , & Teplin, L. A. (1991). Co-occurring disorders among mentally ill jail detainees. American Psychologist, 46, 1036-1045. Dan L. Creson, â€Å"MENTAL HEALTH,† Handbook of Texas Online (http://www. shaonline. org/handbook/online/articles/smmun), accessed October 14, 2012. Published by the Texas State Historical Association. Janice C. May, â€Å"GOVERNMENT,† Handbook of T exas Online (http://www. tshaonline. org/handbook/online/articles/mzgfq), accessed October 14, 2012. Published by the Texas State Historical Association. Undefined. (May 15, 2012). Texas Department of State Health Services. In 18th Edition Texas Laws for Mental Health. Retrieved October 14, 2012, from http://www. dshs. state. tx. us/mhrules/Texas_Laws. shtm.

Focus of the Marketing Plan Essay

†¢Construct an overview of internal and external contingencies, describing at least two internal and three external contingencies and how they impact the sports marketing plan. †¢Justify market selection decisions including the psychological and sociological factors as influences. Include targeting and positioning of the product(s). †¢Generate a Sports Marketing Mix for your organization to address the promotion mix of advertising, public relations, sales promotion, and pricing. †¢Create a plan for the marketing process. Within that plan include a control phase and an implementation strategy. Any unique issues should also be addressed in this section, including the impact on facilities and any specific departments or segments of the organization impacted by the plan. Writing the Marketing Plan The Marketing Plan: †¢Must be eight to ten double-spaced pages in length and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the approved APA style guide. †¢Must include a cover page that includes: – Student’s name – Course name and number – Title of paper – Instructor’s name – Date submitted †¢Must include an introductory paragraph with a succinct thesis statement. †¢Must address the topic of the paper with critical thought. †¢Must conclude with a restatement of the thesis and a conclusion paragraph. †¢Must use APA style as outlined in the approved APA style guide to document all sources. †¢Must include, on the final page, a Reference Page that is completed according to APA style as outlined in the approved APA style guide.

History of Breast Implants and Why Women Buy Them

History of Breast Implants and Why Women Buy Them Free Online Research Papers In our generation today people are attracted to products that could make them beautiful or handsome; products that would make them very attractive. Some may even go under cosmetic surgery to make themselves appear more attractive. Some may refer a person who is obsessed to look good as a â€Å"vain† person. One of the things that ladies want to improve in themselves is their breasts because it’s believed that having big breasts will make one more attractive thus making them feel confident and sexy. That is why some women undergo surgery – the breast implants. Others call it as breast augmentation or breast enlargement. This paper will discuss everything about breast implants. The history of breast implants, the indications for breast implants, the procedure, kinds or types of breast implants. This paper will also answer the question about how a person is influenced to undergo breast implants as well as discuss the evolution of breast implants. History of Breast Implant Breast Implant is done as a prosthesis that is used to enlarge the breast size of a woman for cosmetic reasons; to reconstruct the breast, (for example, after a mastectomy; or to correct genetic deformities), or as an aspect of male-to-female sex reassignment surgery. This is also known as breasts augmentation, breast enlargement, mammoplasty enlargement, augmentation mammoplasty or the slang term â€Å"boob job†. According to the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, breast augmentation is the most commonly performed cosmetic surgical procedure in the United States. (National Clearinghouse of Plastic Surgery Statistics, 2007) This procedure is very popular in the United States than any other country. In the year 1890 the first surgical breast augmentation procedure was performed with paraffin injection. This surgery led to infections and lump formations in the breast. In the year 1920, paraffin injections were no longer used because it became out of favor for the procedure. Implants have been used since 1895 to enhance the size or shape of womens breasts. The earliest known implant was attempted by Vincenz Czerny (Trutnov, 19 November 1842 Heidelberg, 3 October 1916, an Austrian-German surgeon). He used a womans own adipose tissue (from a lipoma, a benign growth, on her back). In the year 1920, fat transplants were tried. Fatty tissues were removed from the belly and buttock areas and transferred it into the breast. Unfortunately, this was not successful because the body would rapidly reabsorb most of the fat leaving the breast lumpy and lopsided. This type of procedure was given up in the year 1940. Polyvinyl sponges were then used. These were to be implanted into the brea st for augmentation, and different types of synthetic sponges were tried in 1950’s. This type of surgery or implantation did not succeed as well, because they were all found to shrink and harden within a year and infections occurred. It was in the year 1960 when silicone injections started. This procedure was not effective; complications such as chronic inflammation, infections, and lumps were seen. Because of this silicone injections were no longer an option. In 1961, silicone breast implants were developed. Due to safety concerns, silicone breast implants were withdrawn in 1982. After 10 years, 1992, the American general market for cosmetic breast augmentation only allowed saline filled implants. Silicone breast implants are only available to special patients through FDA approved trials. (Wu, 2006) In 1995, they introduced soybean oil implants, they say this is a natural approach for the breast enhancement, but not after 4 years, they were withdrawn from the market because it was found out that it could become toxic in the body as it breaks down. As the years passes by, new technologies continue to arise. New discoveries have been found on breast implants and breast enhancements which give women some choices in order to achieve their desires. One of the new discoveries is the bra-like device that is surrounded with silicone; this was introduced sometime in the year 2001. This device should be worn 10 hours a day for a few months to see the effect, but there no satisfied patients who used the device. In November of 2006, the FDA in the United States approves silicone implants once again. This time a new implant, called the gummy bear style silicone breast implant was developed and will be available again to all the women in the United States who would like to have a breast augmentation. Breast implants have much to offer those who would like to have their breasts improved. There will be more evolution on ways to enhance breasts of women who want this procedure all over the world. Types of Breast Implants Breast implants are done in one to two hours surgically. Types of breast implants include: (1) Saline Implants. Arion HG (1965) who introduced Saline-filled breast implants and was first manufactured in France. The Saline implant is made of an elastomer silicone envelope; this will be surgically implanted under the tissues, and then filled with sterile saline, a salt-water solution, through a valve. (breastimplant.com, 1996) (2) Silicone gel implants. These implants are also made of an elastomer envelope that is pre-filled (prior to surgery). This implant is filled with a clear, sticky, thick jellylike form of silicone that approximates the consistency of breast tissue. Thomas Cronin and Frank Gerow, they are the two plastic surgeons from Houston, Texas, who developed the first silicone breast prosthesis with the Dow Corning Corporation in 1961. (Arion, 1965) Ways on how Breast Implants are Preformed According to Robert Valdes (How stuff works), breast augmentation can be very simple or complex procedure, it will depend on the patient and the desired outcome the patient wants. After the surgeons prepared their patient, the surgeon starts by cutting one incision into the patient for each implant. To avoid scarring, the incisions should be made small. After the incision is made, the surgeon must slit a way through the tissue to the final destination of the implant. Once there is path that has been created, the tissue and/or muscle (depending on placement) must be disjoined to establish a pocket for the implant. Then the surgeon will have now to place the implants that the surgeon will use. The surgeon will now reposition the nipple, adjust the cleavage, and create a new crease under the breast. This procedure needs the expertise of the surgeon. (Valdez, 1998) Motivational Factors in Undergoing Breast Implants According to the Journal of Women’s Health (Volume 12, Number 3, 2003, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.), there are at least five factors that influence the decision to seek breast reconstruction. (1) Intrapsychic Intrapsychic factors describe internal motivations for breast augmentation and the resulting effect of surgery on body image and quality of life (Feelings about physical appearance and breast size and shape in particular). (2) Interpersonal – this concerns the importance of breast in social and romantic relationships, according to the journal; it may play an important role in the decision to seek surgery. (3) Informational – these factors address knowledge about the surgery. It is thought that women who undergo breast implants obtain information from mass media (Television, women’s magazine, radio advertisements, and physicians). Because of Television and women’s magazines, this may have a big impact on those women who seek to have breast implants , this is because of what they see in famous stars that had breast implants (especially in Hollywood), women thought that if they have it too, they would look more attractive, and will improve their relationship. (4) Medical – includes the patient’s current health and health practices. Breast implants are also suggested to women who have undergone mastectomy, for this reason, patients may feel more confident and improve their self-esteem. (5) Economic – women who decided to have breast augmentation also have to consider their savings before the procedure. Breast augmentation costs approximately $3000 to $5000. Because this procedure is not covered by health insurance, they have to use their personal savings, or they may make loans for the procedure. Conclusion: Breast Implant is a procedure where one must really think about, aside from the expensive cost of this procedure, one might have a side effect of having breast implants. If we will look back at the history of it, it is evident that they have not yet perfected the procedure with minimal side effects.(that is why some of the earlier breast implants have been banned) This procedure will also hinder young mothers to give breast feeding to their child, which is very important for the baby. Breast implants are being availed by young women because of the impact of having a good appeal to the public especially to their boyfriends or husbands. And some studies say that it has significance in positive sexual functioning with a greater sexual drive and arousal. This kind of procedure is a personal decision that should be respected by anyone. Research Papers on History of Breast Implants and Why Women Buy ThemPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductResearch Process Part OneGenetic EngineeringHip-Hop is ArtThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug Use19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationEffects of Television Violence on Children

Camel Facts

Camel Facts Camels are mammals known for their distinctive humped backs. Bactrian camels (Camelus bactrianus) have two humps, while dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) have one. These creatures humps store fat deposits that they use as sustenance when external food and water sources are scarce. Their ability to metabolize stored food for prolonged periods of time makes them good pack animals. Fast Facts: Camel Scientific Name: CamelusCommon Name: CamelBasic Animal Group: MammalsSize: 6–7 feet in heightWeight: 800–2,300 poundsLife Span: 15–50 yearsDiet: HerbivoreHabitat: Deserts in Central Asia (Bactrian) and North Africa and the Middle East (Dromedary)Population: 2 million domesticated Bactrian camels, 15 million domesticated dromedary camels, and less than 1,000 wild Bactrian camelsConservation Status: The wild Bactrian camel is classified as Critically Endangered. Other camel species are not considered endangered. Description Camels are well-known for their distinctive humps, but they also have other distinctive characteristics that make them well-suited for living in desert conditions. Importantly, camels have the ability to close their nostrils to prevent sand infiltration. They also have two rows of long lashes and a third eyelid. Both structures help to protect their eyes in harsh environments such as sandstorms. They also have thick hair that helps to protect them from the intense sunshine in their environment as well as padded feet to help withstand the hot temperatures of the desert floor. They are even-toed ungulates (hoofed mammals). Two-humped Camel.   Elena Kholopova/EyeEm/Getty Images Camels are usually between 6 and 7 feet in height and 9 to 11 feet in length. They can weigh up to 2,300 pounds. Other physical characteristics of camels include long legs, long necks, and a protruding snout with big lips. Habitat and Distribution Bactrian camels live in Central Asia, while dromedary camels live in North Africa and the Middle East. Wild bactrian camels live in south Mongolia and northern China. They are all typically found in desert regions, although they may also live in other similar environments like prairies. While we associate camels with extremely hot temperature environments, their habitat can also include extremely low temperature environments. They form a protective coat in the winter to help with the cold and shed the coat in the summer months. Diet and Behavior Camels are diurnal creatures, which means they are active during the day. They subsist on vegetation like low-lying grasses and other thorny and salty plants. To reach such low-lying plants and grasses, camels have developed a split upper lip structure so that each half of their upper lip can move independently, which helps them eat low-lying plants and grasses. Similar to cows, camels regurgitate food from their stomach back up to their mouths so they can chew it again. Camels can hydrate themselves faster than other mammals. They have been purported to drink approximately 30 gallons of water in a little over 10 minutes. Reproduction and Offspring Camels travel in herds made up of one dominant male and a number of females. A male bulls peak fertility, called rut, occurs at various times during the year based on species. Bactrians fertility peak occurs from November through May, while dromedaries can peak throughout the year. Males will usually mate with half a dozen or so females, although some males can mate with over 50 females in one season. Female camels have a gestation period of 12 to 14 months. When it is time to give birth, the expectant mother typically separates from the main herd. Newborn calves can walk shortly after birth, and after a period of a few weeks alone, the mother and calf rejoin the larger herd. Single births are most common, but twin camel births have been reported. Threats The wild Bactrian camel is threatened mainly by illegal hunting and poaching. Predator attacks as well as mating with domesticated Bactrian camels are also threats to the wild Bactrian camel population. Conservation Status Wild Bactrian camels (Camelus ferus) are designated as critically endangered by the IUCN. Fewer than 1,000 animals are left in the wild with a decreasing population. By comparison, there are an estimated 2 million domesticated Bactrian camels. Species There are two main species of camel: Camelus bactrianus and Camelus dromedarius. C. bactrianus have two humps, while C. dromedarius have one. A third species, Camelus ferus, is closely related to C. bactrianus but lives in the wild. Camels and Humans Humans and camels have a long history together. Camels have been used as pack animals for centuries and were likely domesticated in the Arabian peninsula between 3000 and 2500 BC. Due to their unique features that allow them to withstand desert travel, camels helped to facilitate trade. Sources â€Å"Camel.† San Diego Zoo Global Animals and Plants, animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/camel.â€Å"Camel Breeding.† Breeding Camels, camelhillvineyard.com/camel-breeding.htm.

CA 1 RED Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

CA 1 RED - Essay Example There is no bias in the use of this mode of assessment. If the learning tasks are easy, then test items will be easy. The objective of the criterion-referenced test is to get the sketch of the specific knowledge and expertise that every learner can express. Such information is important during the planning process for both the individual and groups. This performance based assessment demands the learners express their skills in writing a given assignment such an essay. In an essay writing, for instance, a learner is required to show his/her capacity to write clear paragraphs with correct and in the given format. It involves a process where the learners are required give a project either oral, written or in a group. It is a great way to deliver the curriculum that demands the inclusion of the students’ ideas and their total involvement. The guidelines given enable the students to comprehend the various essay topics and the writing formats. The formal mode of assessment has information that supports the elucidations from a given test. The method is designed with various components that involve analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation of the learning process. The informal mode of assessment is content and performance driven as opposed to data. The method enables the teachers to recognize the learners’ behaviors, document performance, and make decisions, hence enabling them make informed decisions. Running records, for example, are informal assessments since they tell how good a learner is reading a particular book. Scores such as percentage of words read correctly is an example of informal assessment. They are largely used to inform the instruction (Deiner

The Establishment of Personal and Professional Relationships Essay

The Establishment of Personal and Professional Relationships - Essay Example Through Year Up, I believe that I would gain additional skills and experiences with which I might use to help others more effectively and more comprehensively in the future. In this way, I am almost a representative candidate, meaning that many others will benefit from my participation in your program. Regarding more specific goals, I am eager to combine my interest and aptitude in math with the technology courses and training that your organization offers. Although I am young, at twenty years of age, I have a vision of the future that suggests a more interdisciplinary approach to social and business problems. Technology can no more solve important problems in isolation than can philosophy or ethics or law; quite the contrary, as your program acknowledges with its broadly conceived program, modern problem-solving demands a fusing of disciplines, such as technology, leadership, and organizational management, in order to implement the most effective solutions. I want to be a part of th is interdisciplinary future, this notion that corporate social responsibility can empower individuals too often shut out of important positions, and I want to share my education with others to give them the same opportunities that I have been given in my life. In the final analysis, I believe that I am a model candidate because my goals are consistent with yours and because I firmly believe in empowering individuals through training, education, and the establishment of personal and professional relationships which can be used to help people and communities in need.

Juno the Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Juno the - Movie Review Example She is headstrong when she wants to be and this is apparent in the decisions she takes as a teenager saddled with an unplanned pregnancy. The father is her classmate Paulie Bleeker who takes life as it comes. The story unfolds with Juno deciding to give up her child to an urban couple - Mark and Vanessa Loring. This couple goes through a metamorphosis as they try to convince Juno regarding the fact that they would be perfect parents to her child. On the other hand, Juno has to break the new to her parents - stepmother Bren, and father Mac. Juno's parents are a classic example of a couple who strive to keep a close knit family and try to set the right example for their children. What follows here is a confrontation between Juno's parents and the prospective foster parents of her unborn child. This is where the drama element of the movie takes off in order to cater to the following elements: In this paper, these issues will be discussed in terms of an evidence based theory that is based on the foster care system in cases of divorce, teen pregnancy and other such developmental issues within a child. The foster care system in the United States continues to face challenges related to the quality of care provided by foster parents. Although legislation has been passed by the federal government aimed at improving the system, the pervasive negative stereotypes of foster care remain. This is especially true when it comes to the development and family environment of children placed in this environment. In an effort to better understand the development and family environment issues of children in foster care, this research seeks to develop a more integral comprehension of how children in foster care view their own personal development and family environment. With this information, it will be possible to better understand specific development and family environment issues indicative to foster care. In addition, this data will elucidate development and family environment issues that may not be persistent concerns for children in foster care. With this data, social workers could develop p rograms to raise awareness and improve development and family environment outcomes for children in this care setting. To begin with, a foster home has been described as that place where a child is handed over to responsible adults, duly analyzed and hand picked by various relevant authorities. The perception and conception of the various facets of a child's life are built here accordingly depending on the various elements like education, relationships and others. These go on to form a child's perception of aspects like development and family environment and security. Besides these parameters, the paper follows the guidelines that are embedded in the basic conceptual framework followed by the researcher. These have to do with the guidelines and concepts laid down by authorities like WHO. The US Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families (2005) reports that at the end of 2004, 800,000 children were served by the foster care system. Of these children, 304,000 represented new entrants into the program. Although this number is part of a larger trend representing a

Learning To Love Yourself

Learning To Love Yourself Loving yourself is a solution to many problems. But how to do that? Worry not! Do you know the secret to success, satisfaction and a happy life? Self-love is the secret to all this! It is the best gift you can give yourself. People who love themselves life a satisfied and happy life. Have you heard people say you cant love others until you love yourself? Or dont expect others to love you until you love yourself. Either way, you have to love yourself and that is the secret to a happy and satisfied life! But how can we do that? Love our own self? Like a parent loves its child? Like we love our most prized possessions? How? We all know that our parents think we are the nicest children on earth, but their thinking is sugar coated with a heavy layer of parental love! Its very difficult to think like that about us. When you feel hard to think good things about yourself it means you dont believe in yourself and its time to build a positive self imagine and love yourself. Heres how you can do that! Change your thoughts, change your world! Self-perception is the way we think of ourselves. It includes the way we look, walk, talk and do anything! Unfortunately a big problem with teens is that their self-perception is very poor. In other words, they often under estimate themselves! They dont know their true potential. So if you think your problem is that you need to change it! For that make a list of all your habits or attributes that people appreciate. It can be your smile, your warm personality, your good looks, your ability to make friends easily, your special talent or anything else. Once you have the list in front of yourself, read it and try to realize that there is something special in you for which people appreciate and applaud you! Everyone has something special and so do you! All you need to do is realize that and change your weakened self-perception! Once you do that, the world will seem a better place to live! Forget your flaws for a while! The key here is to love yourself so much that you will not even have enough time to think of the negative things. But the reality is that not everyone is perfect. We all have our flaws and the solution is to be acceptable of our own flaws. When you love yourself of all the strong points that you have and be acceptable of your own flaws, you will have a sense of gratitude towards life. Not only will you only love yourself, you will also start to love other people too and be acceptable of their flaws too. Struggle to improve. If there is something in you, which you dont like and cant bear try to remove that. Try to improve yourself. It could be anything. For example the way you talk and your communication skills. If that is the problem then practice talking. Practice makes a man perfect and in this case a woman too! So practice and you will improve. Likewise, if you dont like the way you look because of the fact that you are fat, and then try to get rid of those few extra pounds to love yourself. If may take in a little effort but you will gain a lot of satisfaction. And that is what you need to love yourself and live a satisfied life! Counteract Negative or Critical Thoughts About Yourself! Pen down the negative ideas and perceptions in your head. Try to remember who said that to you (or said something of that nature). Then write something opposite to what you have written, one by one. The counter messages should be convincing and loving. If youre having issues in doing so and find it hard, see if you can find a close friend who could help or get into the mood and then try. Be positive! Dropping negative attitudes goes a long way towards helping you with almost every problem in life. A positive approach can help you to love yourself too! You will feel well about yourself and others if you look at things in a more positive light. So try to adopt this approach! Appreciate yourself. Appreciate yourself at every achievement of yours. No matter how small it is, its an achievement nonetheless and hence deserves applaud and appreciation! Make sure that you give yourself special treatment at success and even small achievements. Be proud of them so that the world knows you have done something important and special! Pamper yourself. Life truly is very hectic and we hardly get time for ourselves. But that doesnt mean you keep neglecting yourself. So take out time from your hectic schedule and listen to your heart. Do something special for yourself and pamper yourself. It can be anything; drinking hot coffee at midnight, listening to soft music, getting a message, going to spa or simply sitting outside while its raining! Just make sure you do pamper yourself once in a while! So go ahead. Love yourself. Be good to yourself. Treat yourself well. Replenish yourself. You will discover that, the more you love yourself, the more you will be able to give love to others and the more others will want to be around you and give love back to you. This is a win win situation. Loving yourself will ultimately benefit the lives of others you encounter, as well as your own life.

Shakespeare - Tragic Heros Essay -- essays research papers

The name "tragic hero", which has become synonymous with Shakespearean dramas, was developed before Hamlet, Macbeth or any of Shakespeare’s well-known plays were written. The literary term was actually discovered around 330 BC by the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle. Through his theory of catharsis, Aristotle debated that the great plays of Sophicles, Euripides, and other Greek playwrights contained tragic heroes similar to each other, which all portrayed four basic characteristics ("English Lit."). These qualities were a tragic flaw, or harmartia, they all were from a noble class, with very human personalities, and they all face their tragedy with dignity. It is not until the late 1500s that Shakespeare began to utilize Aristotle’s observations in the production of his many tragedies (Desjardens). Probably the most important characteristic of a Shakespearean tragic hero is that one must posses a tragic flaw, because without the flaw, there would never be a downfall. The ultimate flaw varies from one play to another, King Lear’s flaw is that of arrogance while Macbeth’s it one of ambition. Some characters may be guilty of harboring many flaws, like Othello. Among Othello’s wrongs are gullibility and stupidity. In either case, the character never realizes ones flaws until act five, however, by that time it is too late (Desjardens). While the tragic flaw is the key element in a tragedy, the tragic hero’s social status i...

Ron Gutman: the Hidden Power of Smiling and Amit Sood: Building a Museum of Museums on the Web

Ron Gutman, the founder and CEO of HealthTap, a personalized health-info site, gave the speech about the power of smiling. As everyone knows that smile is good for our health; he gave the supporting data and facts about that statement. For instance, there was a study about the relation between student face’s photo in the yearbook of UC Berkeley and the student’s success and well-being throughout their lives. Another study showed that the span of the people’s smile could predict the life span of people’s life; people who have beaming smile could have 79. 9 years of their life span while only 72. years for people who do not smile. W e naturally smile to express joy and satisfaction; one smile could generate the same level of happiness equals to 2,000 bar of chocolate; even the people in the tribe who are isolated from the modern world also smile. Also smiling could make us healthier since it reduce stress-enhancing hormone like cortisone. And the message behind smiling, which is happiness, could be passed to the others as well. When you smile, you look and feel good. And when other people see you, they would mimic the smile and feel good too, as this would go on as a cycle. In conclusion, smiling has many aspects of benefit, so let’s SMILE. http://www. ted. com/talks/ron_gutman_the_hidden_power_of_smiling. html Amit Sood: Building a museum of museums on the web Art Project is the great idea created by Amit Sood. It is the project of creating a 3D virtual image of the museum on the website which allows the people from any class of society to get access to the artworks from any museum through the website www. googleartproject. com. Users can move around and look at the artwork one by one by simply just clicking. And it is much faster to move from one end to another room of the museum by one click. Besides, the images of the artworks in the museum have huge size i. e. 10 billion pixels. It is amazing because user could notice some small spot of details e. g. painting crack that is impossible to notice when they carefully look at the real artwork in the museum. Moreover, user could create his/her own favorite collection album regardless of who they are. http://www. ted. com/talks/amit_sood_building_a_museum_of_museums_on_the_web. ht

The Kite Runner Journal Responses

Journal Responses 11/2/12 The passage â€Å"†¦ they in turn opened into an extension of the driveway into my father’s estate† uses a key word in the phrase, â€Å"estate†. Some synonyms of the word estate are; land, park, parkland, manor. The connotation we could make is that the author used this word to sound elegant and give the Hassan’s family a rich outlook on what they are compared to other families in afghan. The passage â€Å"†¦ a new and affluent neighborhood in the northern part of Kabul. Some thought it was the prettiest house in all of Kabul. Can present how Amir and his father are very proud of themselves. The author wanted to show that Amir and his father were one of the richer and wealthier in the city. He may also wanted to show that they stand out from the rest of the people of the city. Therefore Amir and his Father are characterized as the upper class of Kabul. â€Å"you! The hazara! † what I further remember from the mo vie afghan star is that all the ethnic groups were fighting back where they were from. But all of the 4 different ethnics singing it had seemed to bring them together in a sense of unity.Yes, The Hazaras are disrespected more than the other ethnic groups. This is almost like them picking on the most weakest person which in this case is hazara. The passage â€Å"†¦ they in turn opened into an extension of the driveway into my father’s estate† uses a key word in the phrase, â€Å"estate†. Some synonyms of the word estate are; land, park, parkland, manor. The connotation we could make is that the author used this word to sound elegant and give the Hassan’s family a rich outlook on what they are compared to other families in afghan.Eric Richardson Ms. Pierce Journal Responses 11/2/12 Chapter four response. Why doesn’t Amir accept Hassan as a good friend? What doesn’t make sense to me is why does Hassan do all this stiff for Amir and not get anything in return even tho he is always there for him. For example when Hassan read Amir a story then he asked a question, when Amir was thinking about something mean to say about Hassan being a hazara. Amir doesn’t seem to have respect for anyone and I think it will come back to haunt him.